Source – OTAN – Pendant plus de trente ans, l’OTAN s’est efforcée de bâtir un partenariat avec la Russie, en instaurant un dialogue et une coopération pratique dans des domaines d’intérêt commun. La coopération pratique avec ce pays est néanmoins suspendue depuis 2014, en raison de l’annexion, illégale et illégitime, de la Crimée (Ukraine) par la Russie, annexion que l’OTAN ne reconnaîtra jamais. Les canaux de communication politiques et militaires, quant à eux, restent ouverts. L’attaque de l’Ukraine par la Russie, en l’absence de provocation, et le mépris de la Russie pour le droit international font peser une grave menace sur la sécurité euro-atlantique et auront des conséquences géostratégiques.

Depuis la fin de la Guerre froide et l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique, l’OTAN s’efforce de bâtir un partenariat et de mener un dialogue avec la Russie, notamment au travers du Conseil OTAN-Russie (COR), organe destiné aux consultations sur des questions de sécurité, ainsi qu’à la coopération.

Toutefois, en réponse aux actions agressives de la Russie contre l’Ukraine et à l’annexion, illégale et illégitime, de la Crimée, l’OTAN a suspendu toute coopération pratique, tant civile que militaire, avec la Russie en avril 2014. Les canaux de communication politiques et militaires restent ouverts afin de permettre l’échange d’informations sur les questions d’intérêt commun et les points préoccupants pour chacun, d’éviter les malentendus et d’accroître la prévisibilité. Les Alliés restent disposés à mener un dialogue avec la Russie dans le cadre du Conseil OTAN-Russie. (…)

 

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A titre de rappel 

Voici les dates clés des jalons ayant marqué la relation de l’OTAN avec la Russie de Boris Eltsine à Vladimir Poutine. Extrait en anglais issu de >>> 2003-NATO-Russia_en

  • 1994: The Partnership for Peace
    In June 1994, Russia became the first country to join NATO’s Partnership for Peace (PfP), a programme of practical bilateral cooperation between NATO and partner countries.
    The Brussels Summit Declaration from January 1994 defined the goals of PfP as expanding and intensifying political and military cooperation in Europe, increasing stability, diminishing threats to peace, and building strengthened security relationships.
  • 1997: The NATO-Russia Founding Act
    On 27 May 1997, NATO leaders and President Boris Yeltsin signed the NATO-Russia Founding Act, expressing their determination to “build together a lasting and inclusive peace in the Euro-Atlantic area on the principles of democracy and cooperative security.” The Act established the goal of cooperation in areas such as peacekeeping, arms control, counter-terrorism, counter-narcotics and theatre missile defence. In the Founding Act, NATO and Russia agreed to base their cooperation on the principles of human rights and civil liberties, refraining from the threat or use of force against each other or any other state.
  • 2002-2008: Cooperation through the NATO-Russia Council
    On 28 May 2002, NATO leaders and President Vladimir Putin signed a declaration in Rome titled “NATO-Russia Relations: A New Quality.” This established the NATO-Russia Council as a consensus-based body of equal members. The NATO-Russia Council led to cooperation in areas such as counter-terrorism, crisis management, arms control and theatre missile defence. NATO and Russia cooperated on supporting Afghanistan – including Russian provision of transit routes for ISAF, counter- narcotics training for officers from Afghanistan, Central Asia and Pakistan, and support for the Afghan army’s helicopter fleet.
  • 2008: The Georgia Crisis
    Russia’s military action in Georgia in August 2008 led to the suspension of formal meetings of the NATO-Russia Council and cooperation in some areas. Allies continue to call on Russia to reverse its recognition of the Georgian regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent states. At the NATO Summit in Strasbourg and Kehl on 4 April 2009, NATO leaders acknowledged disagreements with Russia over Georgia, but decided to resume practical and political cooperation.
  • 2010-2014: Seeking a New Stage of Cooperation
    During the Lisbon Summit in November 2010, NATO leaders and President Dmitry Medvedev agreed to embark on “a new stage of cooperation towards a true strategic partnership”, based on the goals and
    principles of the NATO-Russia Founding Act and the NATO-Russia Rome Declaration. The Alliance invited Russia to explore the potential for expanded cooperation on missile defence, and the two agreed to further strengthen cooperation in the fight against terrorism, and counter-piracy efforts. In the years that followed, NATO and Russia worked together in support of the Afghan army’s helicopter fleet, conducted joint counter-piracy and submarine-rescue exercises, and discussed a joint mission to help dispose of Syria’s chemical weapons. (…)